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CIPS L4M8 Exam Syllabus Topics:
| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Procurement Process and Procedures | 25-30% | - Purchase ordering and goods receipt - Contract award criteria - Procurement cycle stages - Supplier selection methods - Requirements gathering and specification |
| Strategic Sourcing and Category Management | 20-25% | - Strategic sourcing process - Spend analysis techniques - Supplier segmentation and criticality analysis - Category segmentation |
| Practical Application Scenarios | 15-20% | - Recommendation and justification skills - Case study analysis - Problem-solving and decision-making - Applying theory to real-world procurement situations |
| Supplier Relationship Management | 20-25% | - Supplier performance measurement (KPI, scorecards) - Supplier development and improvement - Supplier relationship types - Risk management in supplier relationships - Partnership and collaboration models |
| Ethical and Sustainable Procurement | 15-20% | - Ethical sourcing considerations - Modern slavery and fair trade - Supply chain transparency - Environmental sustainability in procurement - Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) |
CIPS Procurement and Supply in Practice Sample Questions:
Explain how a lack of understanding of a global supplier's culture and ethical behavior could cost buying organization money.
Reveal Solution Discussion 0Correct Answer:
See the answer in explanation.
Explanation:
Organizational culture is made up of behaviors, traits, values and beliefs and these differ signifi-cantly across the globe. Gestures that may be positive in one country can be highly offensive in another. This culture could mean; for example, individualistic/collectivistic, masculine/feminine, uncertainty avoidance, power distance, Time perspective, indulgence/restraint.
When negotiating and forming contracts within the extended supply chain, it is important that the culture of the suppliers is understood to be compatible with the buying organization or else their might be loss of reputation, time, money material and equipment.
Also, being not aware of what is an acceptable ethically behavior in global sourcing can cost a buying organization. In some countries, bribery and kickbacks are a standard part of doing business. If procurement professional is not aware of the fact that some countries methods of doing business involves or expect kickbacks, for example, this could be costly to the organization and cancel out any savings that had originally been seen.
Cost of poor quality and rework: if the product or service quality is poor the organization may not satisfy it customers and this can lead to a loss of reputation in the market. For example, a residential building construction company contracting a supplier that supply would require home owners to reinstall a new door within three months. The organization would spend more funds in carrying out rework.
More administrative cost in contract management: an organization will have to manage it sup-pliers and the contracts to ensure they are delivering what they were contracted to do. A poor con-tract management is a waste in the process of delivery that can lead to loss of money. Also, to cor-rect this would cost the organizations administrative cost.
What are the four methods that can be used to try to resolve dispute?
Reveal Solution Discussion 0Correct Answer:
See the answer in explanation.
Explanation:
Conflict or dispute is the final area a procurement professional considers when creating terms for a contract with a supplier. If conflict or dispute arises, there must be a process put in place in the contract to try to resolve it and these includes; a) Negotiation, b) mediation, c) arbitration and d) litigation.
Negotiation is usually carried out between senior people within organization that are in conflict, if they cannot reach an agreement through negotiation, mediation is the next stage, mediation is when a third party tries to help find a resolution among the parties in dispute. If mediation fails arbitration can start, arbitration involve independent professionals (arbitrators) working with all the party to try to reach an agreement. Parties do not have a formal or legal obligation to follow the arbitrator's recommendation. Arbitration is expensive. If arbitration fails to resolve the conflict, the final stage is litigation, litigation takes time and money, and most people avoid it. It is a legal process where a court decides on the outcome of the dispute. The judge's ruling is final.
* Refer to the question column for response
Think of a supply chain with which you are familiar and distinguish between the primary, second-ary and tertiary sector organization within it.
Reveal Solution Discussion 0Correct Answer:
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Explanation:
Supply chain involves a network of individuals, organizations, technology activities and resources to make sure goods or services flow along the chain. If one point fails, every part further along the chain fails.
Fullpower projects (a flour manufacturer) supply chain begins with producers (raw materials, wheat farmers), suppliers, manufactures, distributors, retailers and end users (customer).
Fullpower projects supply chain falls within the primary sector (producers of wheat), the secondary sector include the manufacturing (those that converts the wheat the suppliers brings into flour) and tertiary sector (the distributor those that takes the wheat to the end users).
Describe three ways in which a supplier could improve the effect its company has on the environ-ment.
Reveal Solution Discussion 0Correct Answer:
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Explanation:
Responsible and ethical sourcing promotes working with suppliers who want to have a positive effect on the environment or at least minimize the damage they cause. Suppliers can make effort to reduce their impact on the planet through reducing the pollution, taking steps to recycle or reuse products can improve on supplier's impact on the environment, also supplier can consider sustainability as another environmental factor.
Suppliers with strong values on ethics will have a programme to return anything taken from nature in the form of replanting or replacing
Which theory relates to the 3Ps
Reveal Solution Discussion 0Correct Answer:
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Explanation:
Trying to measure how sustainable an organization was use to be challenging undertaking. However, during the 1990s, a concept brought up by American John Elkington change the way sustainability was measured.
This framework is known as the triple bottom line (TBL) and measures sustainability in relation to organizational performance and investment against the 3Ps (1) Profits (2) People (3) Planet. For example; Profit: A packaging manufacturer reinventing its profits in a State- of-the-art recycling machinery for it wasted cardboard.
People: A large privately owned call centre donate its end of life computers to a local youth clubs and social groups to help gain internet cases.
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